His visit comes right after President Biden’s as world leaders step up efforts to prevent the conflict with Hamas spilling into the wider region.
Mr Sunak is due to meet Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu on Thursday before visiting other regional capitals.
He will offer his condolences for the civilians killed so far during the war.
“Every civilian death is a tragedy,” the prime minister said ahead of the trip. “And too many lives have been lost following Hamas’s horrific act of terror.”
There had been reports earlier this week that Mr Sunak was planning his first trip to Israel, but he would not confirm his travel arrangements until Wednesday evening.
Meanwhile, Foreign Secretary James Cleverly will meet leaders in Egypt, Turkey and Qatar in the coming days to seek support for a peaceful resolution in Israel and Gaza.
The foreign secretary will push for an agreement on humanitarian access to Gaza, and the release of British hostages held by Hamas.
Officials have also pointed out that Defence Secretary Grant Shapps has met his US counterpart Lloyd Austin in Washington “to co-ordinate” their approach.
There will be a determination in government to use whatever diplomatic levers they can as quickly as they can, before Israel’s widely anticipated ground offensive in Gaza.
The trips by senior British ministers follow US President Joe Biden’s visit to Israel, which was overshadowed by a deadly blast at a hospital in Gaza City on Tuesday.
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